To better understand wealth disparities, researchers examined changes in wealth during life milestones such as marriage, divorce, childrearing, homeownership, retirement, the onset of health shocks and widowhood. Long-run change is defined as the estimated difference in the outcome over the 10-year period after the milestone occurred relative to the 10-year period before the milestone occurred. Short-run change is defined as the estimated discontinuous difference in the outcome at the time of the milestone.
In regard to early-life milestones, the study found that wealth gradually increases with marriage as well as during the period leading up to the birth of a first child. Wealth also increases leading up to and following homeownership. Early-life milestones that affect wealth negatively include divorce, work-limiting health shocks and the onset of disability.
While the authors did not find evidence that marriage and having children are associated with long-run changes in wealth, they did find that homeownership is attributable to a $44,394 long-run increase in wealth. Divorce is associated with a $5,461 reduction in wealth in the long run, while work-limiting health shocks and disabilities are associated with long-run wealth reductions of $26,688 and $34,629, respectively.
In the short run, marriage and having a child are associated with immediate declines in wealth of $9,249 and $4,191, respectively. Divorce and homeownership are associated with short-run increases in wealth of $8,553 and $23,138, respectively.
Regarding late-life milestones, the research shows that widowhood is associated with increases in per capita wealth, as wealth is no longer split between spouses. (Wealth declines in the long run after the onset of widowhood, however.) Work-limiting health shocks are associated with large declines in wealth that begin in the years leading up to the shock and continue for up to 10 years afterward. Retirement exhibits an increase in wealth in the first two years after retirement.
The study found that retirement is associated with an $18,933 increase in wealth over the long run, while widowhood is associated with a $116,906 increase. Work-limiting health shocks at older ages are attributable to a long-run wealth reduction of $27,560.
Source: “Wealth Trajectories Across Key Milestones: Longitudinal Evidence From Life-Course Transitions,” by Gopi Shah Goda and Jialu Liu Streeter; National Bureau of Economic Research, January 2021.
EDWARD M from PA posted over 5 years ago:
BARRY J from TX posted over 5 years ago:
S A from OH posted over 5 years ago:
You need to log in as a registered AAII user before commenting.
Log InCreate an account