Planning for retirement commonly is focused on the accumulation of wealth.
While building up savings prior to retirement is critical, having a plan for transitioning to and living in retirement is also important.
It is in this second part where many common mistakes are made.
Among those planning mistakes are:
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Failing to Adequately Budget: Many people assume their spending will decrease in retirement. This may not be reality given the greater amounts of free time, health care costs, increased travel (vacation, seeing children and grandchildren, etc.), home maintenance and inflation.
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Overestimating How Much Can Be Withdrawn: The common guideline for withdrawals is 4% of retirement savings for the first year, with the initial amount adjusted each year thereafter for inflation. (Retired financial planner William Bengen says 4.5% can be used with a diversified portfolio; see “Insights on Using the 4% Withdrawal Rule From Its Creator” in the January 2018 AAII Journal.) Taking a higher level of withdrawals early in retirement increases the risk of outliving one’s money later in life.
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Procrastination: Once a person’s (or couple’s) career ends, there will be a large amount of free time to fill if activities have not been previously lined up. Planning out how retirement will be spent initially, including which interests will be pursued and what vacations will be taken, can make the transition more successful. (See “Delaying Retirement, But Not Your Retirement Dreams” in the July 2011 AAII Journal for more about transitioning to retirement.)
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Relying on Rules of Thumb: Having a set number for how much should be saved or how much should be withdrawn without considering other potential factors can create problems. Retirees may find taxes having a bigger than anticipated impact or actual spending to be higher than they thought it would be. A preset and well-thought-out strategy can be a big help.
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Having an Incorrect Allocation: Retirees may find themselves with portfolios that are either too aggressive or too conservative. A portfolio that is too aggressive may not have enough allocated to so-called “safe assets” to fund withdrawals, forcing risky assets to be sold when the market is down. A portfolio that is too conservative may not provide enough growth to cover future medical expenses or a long life.
Source: “The Most Common Retirement Planning Mistakes—and How to Fix Them,” by Robert Powell, Retirement Daily, May 17, 2018.
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