A Few Thoughts in Remembrance of Jim Cloonan

by Charles Rotblut | December 10, 2020

James (“Jim”) Cloonan passed away late last month. He was 89. All of us at AAII are saddened.

Cloonan founded the American Association of Individual Investors in 1978 for the purpose of helping individual investors become better managers of their own assets. Fixed brokerage commissions had ended a few years prior. But, through his work in the industry and as a professor at DePaul University, he observed the difficulty individual investors had in getting unbiased information at that time. As he explained in 2017, “there was nothing to back up the individual investor.”James-Cloonan-photo

Over its now 42-year existence, AAII has helped more than two million individuals become better and smarter investors. We at the organization will continue to fulfill Cloonan’s mission of empowering individual investors through programs of education, information and research.

In one of his first articles for the AAII Journal, “The Position of the Individual Investor,” Cloonan explained how individual investors could succeed. One of the key advantages he saw individual investors having over institutional investors was flexibility. Individual investors have the ability to invest in a greater range of investments, change their investment direction more quickly and tailor their objectives more specifically. “On balance, it appears that the individual investor is at least as well off as the institution and probably has an advantage,” argued Cloonan.

The concept of greater flexibility carried over to AAII’s Model Shadow Stock Portfolio. Incorporating the concepts presented in Eugene Fama and Kenneth French’s seminal paper, “Common Risk Factors in the Returns on Stocks and Bonds” (Journal of Economics, February 1993), this remains one of the longest-running factor portfolios. Cloonan created it to provide an example of how individual investors could use academic research to their benefit. The Model Shadow Stock Portfolio’s annualized return of 13.8% is well in excess of the S&P 500’s annualized return of 9.9%.

Cloonan was also notable for his views on risk. He viewed volatility as a phantom risk. Though volatility influences short-term returns, long-term investors should not be concerned with it. Rather, Cloonan believed that their focus should be on maximizing the long-term growth of wealth. This focus should not be narrow-sighted, however. Investors must diversify to limit the impact of stock-specific risk, while also ensuring they have the assets needed to fund withdrawals at the time those withdrawals are needed.

His solution for matching the two objectives was specified in his final book, “Investing at Level3” (AAII, 2016). Cloonan’s Level3 withdrawal strategy suggests retirees have most of their portfolio allocated to growth assets (namely stocks). Approximately two years to four years of expenses should be allocated to defensive assets (e.g., cash). Withdrawals are made from growth assets during years when the market is within 5% of its high. Withdrawals are taken from the defensive assets during years when the market is below this level. The strategy allows the portfolio to grow while giving investors the ability not to sell stocks when prices are down.

There was more to Jim than many AAII members saw in the pages of the AAII Journal. He was a strong supporter of the arts, an avid traveler and a fan of Northwestern University football. The son of one of Eliot Ness’ original Untouchables, Cloonan fought in Korea and was awarded the Bronze Star.

Around the office, he went by “Jim.” He was kind and insightful, and I always enjoyed conversing with him. Though Cloonan retired at the start of 2018, the collegial environment he established at the organization continues to this day even as we work virtually. He will be sincerely missed.

We are working on tributes for Jim. A special page on AAII.com has been created to celebrate his life and contributions (see below). We will be adding to it. If you have memories of your interactions with him or thoughts you would like to share, you can do so on this page. We will include a special feature about Cloonan in the January AAII Journal as well as honoring him in a special webinar scheduled for early January.

More on AAII.com
AAII Sentiment Survey

Optimism among individual investors about the short-term direction of the stock market declined but remained unusually high. Pessimism rebounded while neutral sentiment declined.  

Bullish sentiment, expectations that stock prices will rise over the next six months, declined 1.0 percentage points to 48.1%. Optimism is above its historical average of 38.0% for the fifth consecutive week.

Neutral sentiment, expectations that stock prices will stay essentially unchanged over the next six months, fell 3.2 percentage points to 25.1%. Even with the decrease, neutral sentiment remains below its historical average of 31.5% for the 46th time out of the past 48 weeks.

Bearish sentiment, expectations that stock prices will fall over the next six months, rebounded by 4.2 percentage points to 26.9%. Pessimism is below its historical average of 30.5% for the fifth consecutive week.

As noted above, bullish sentiment remains at an unusually high level (more than one standard deviation above its historical average). It is above the breakpoint between typical and unusually high readings of 48.0% for the second consecutive week and the third time out of the past five weeks. Historically, such readings have been followed by lower-than-average six- and 12-month returns for the S&P 500 index. Given the possibility of coronavirus vaccines soon being available, the historical trends may not be repeated.

The positive results from Pfizer’s and Moderna’s late-stage trials have made many individual investors either more optimistic or, at least, less pessimistic. Concern about the shorter-term trends in coronavirus cases and the resulting economic impact remain, however. Also influencing individual investors’ sentiment are the results of the recent election, valuations and interest rates.

This week’s special question asked AAII members to share their opinion about the Dow Jones industrial average crossing above 30,000 for the first time.

Just under two out of five respondents (37%) say that the all-time high for the Dow is meaningless and that “it’s just a number” with too much assigned importance. In other words, respondents within this group think that it is not an indicator of the future direction of the market. This compares to about 23% of respondents who say that the market is due for a correction. About 20% of respondents say that the new record for the Dow can be characterized as irrational exuberance of the frothy market. In addition, 17% of respondents say that they expect it to continue to increase and that we are at the starting point of a major bull market.

Here is a sampling of the responses:

  • “This is a reflection on the coronavirus vaccine prospects, the relatively strong economy that is struggling due to self-inflicted wounds from foolish governmental leaders, and the fact the presidential election is over (even if the results are still slightly in doubt).”
  • “It may continue to advance for a few months, however the entire market should zigzag down to a real correction reflecting a reality check of the true economic damage to the world financial and equity markets.”
  • “The Dow is not a true indicator of the market, thusly, its value is not an indicator of anything relevant. The S&P 500 is a slightly better indicator. The S&P 500 breaking above 3,600 is much more impressive.”
  • “Breaking this barrier indicates momentum is still there, regardless of the political results, and it looks like this momentum may carry the market to new highs in 2021! I believe it also signals strength in the new vaccines that are about to hit the market, and hopefully that will help return daily living to a more normal routine.”
  • “It’s concerning, to say the least, with the market at all-time highs, yet we are still in the midst of a deep economic recession. While I do believe that in late 2021 and 2022 we will see a global economic boom that we haven’t seen since the end of World War II, much of that economic prosperity is already being priced into the market. I’m waiting for a sharp correction sometime in the first quarter of 2021 before adding to my equity position.”


This week’s Sentiment Survey results:

Bullish: 48.1%, down 1.0 points
Neutral: 25.1%, down 3.2 points
Bearish: 26.9%, up 4.2 points

Historical averages:

Bullish: 38.5%
Neutral: 31.0%
Bearish: 30.5%
Take the Sentiment Survey.

Discussion

stephen santangelo from FL posted over 5 years ago:

He was a good man who helped educate many in the ways of personal investing. By the way, he also created a great magazine.


John McCulla from Virginia posted over 5 years ago:

So sorry to learn of Jim's passing. He created a great organization that has helped so many to reach and maintain their financial goals! I truly enjoyed his Investing at Level 3 book and guidance. May Jim rest in peace with the Lord.


Carol Dallal from TX posted over 5 years ago:

Enjoyed reading his "Investing at Level 3" book. Great advice and extremely easy to read and follow. Jim will be missed by many.


You need to log in as a registered AAII user before commenting.
Create an account

Log In